解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract:BACKGROUND:Both regulatory T cells (Tregs) and PD-1/PD-L1 pathway were critically involved in HCV viral persistence. However, the association between them was not well investigated. Herein, we aimed to investigate the distributional profiles of Tregs subsets and association between PD-1 expression on these subsets and ...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-279
更新日期:2011-06-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Increased numbers of Interleukin-17-producing CD4+ T cells (Th17) have been found in association with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-induced liver injury. However, the mechanism underlying the increase of Th17 responses in patients with HBV infection remains unclear. In this study, we investigate the possible regul...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-270
更新日期:2011-06-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Capripoxvirus, Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) has a restricted host-range and is being investigated as a novel HIV-1 vaccine vector. LSDV does not complete its replication cycle in non-ruminant hosts. METHODS:The safety of LSDV was tested at doses of 104 and 106 plaque forming units in two strains of i...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-265
更新日期:2011-05-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Norovirus is one of the most common causes of nonbacterial gastroenteritis in humans. Rapid spread by contaminated food and person-to-person transmission through the fecal-oral route are characteristics of norovirus epidemiology and result in high morbidity in vulnerable patient populations. Therefore, detec...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-260
更新日期:2011-05-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Herpes simplex viruses (HSVs) rapidly shut off macromolecular synthesis in host cells. In contrast, global microarray analyses have shown that HSV infection markedly up-regulates a number of host cell genes that may play important roles in HSV-host cell interactions. To understand the regulatory mechanisms i...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-257
更新日期:2011-05-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hepatitis C virus roots a chronic liver disease. Currently approved treatment strategy includes administration of alpha interferon and ribavirin combined therapy for 24-48 weeks. One of the predictor of sustained virological response is an early virological response to treatment characterized as rapid respon...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-253
更新日期:2011-05-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hepatitis A virus is an infection of liver; it is hyperendemic in vast areas of the world including India. In most cases it causes an acute self limited illness but rarely fulminant. There is growing concern about change in pattern from asymptomatic childhood infection to an increased incidence of symptomati...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-254
更新日期:2011-05-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Influenza virus continues to cause significant hospitalization rates in infants and young children. A 2-dose regime of trivalent inactivated vaccine is required to generate protective levels of hemagglutination inhibiting (HAI) antibodies. A vaccine preparation with enhanced immunogenicity is therefore desir...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-251
更新日期:2011-05-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The membrane topology and molecular mechanisms for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localization of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) non-structural 2 (NS2) protien is unclear. We attempted to elucidate the subcellular localization, and the molecular mechanisms responsible for the localization of this protein in ...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-236
更新日期:2011-05-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Andes virus (ANDV), a rodent-borne Hantavirus, is the major etiological agent of Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in South America, which is mainly characterized by a vascular leakage with high rate of fatal outcomes for infected patients. Currently, neither specific therapy nor vaccines are availa...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-223
更新日期:2011-05-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Urabe AM9 vaccine strain of mumps virus contains two variants of V protein: VWT (of HN-A1081 viral population) and VGly (of HN-G1081). The V protein is a promoting factor of viral replication by blocking the IFN antiviral pathway. FINDINGS:We studied the relationship between V protein variants and IFN-α...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-224
更新日期:2011-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::A previous study has identified two types of recombinant variants of Potato virus Y strain NTN (PVY(NTN)) in China and sequenced the complete genome of the variant PVY(NTN)-HN2. In this study, the complete genome of isolate PVY(NTN)-HN1 was fully sequenced and analyzed. The most striking difference between the two var...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-207
更新日期:2011-05-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:T4 phage is a model species that has contributed broadly to our understanding of molecular biology. T4 DNA replication and packaging share various mechanisms with human double-stranded DNA viruses such as herpes virus. The literature indicates that T4-like phage genomes have permuted terminal sequences, and ...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-194
更新日期:2011-04-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an extremely contagious viral disease of cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, and many cloven-hoofed wild animals. FMDV serotypes O and Asia 1 have circulated separately in China during the last fifty years, and eliminating infected animals and vaccination are the main policies to prev...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-186
更新日期:2011-04-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The mint family (Lamiaceae) produces a wide variety of constituents with medicinal properties. Several family members have been reported to have antiviral activity, including lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.), sage (Salvia spp.), peppermint (Mentha×piperita L.), hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.), basil (Oci...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-188
更新日期:2011-04-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Since its emergence in March 2009, the pandemic 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus has posed a serious threat to public health. To trace the evolutionary path of these new pathogens, we performed a selection-pressure analysis of a large number of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) gene sequences of H1N1 infl...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-183
更新日期:2011-04-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Influenza A virus evolution in humans is driven at least in part by mutations allowing the virus to escape antibody neutralization. Little is known about the evolution of influenza in birds, a major reservoir of influenza A. METHODS:Neutralizing polyclonal antiserum was raised in chicken against reassortant...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-180
更新日期:2011-04-18 00:00:00
abstract::Duck hepatitis virus (DHV-1) is a worldwide distributed picornavirus that causes acute and fatal disease in young ducklings. Recently, the complete genome of DHV-1 has been determined and comparative sequence analysis has shown that possesses the typical picornavirus organization but exhibits several unique features. ...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-147
更新日期:2011-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing infections with Monkeypox and Cowpox viruses pose a continuous and growing threat to human health. The standard method for detecting poxvirus neutralizing antibodies is the plaque-reduction neutralization test that is specific but also time-consuming and laborious. Therefore, a rapid and reliable method was...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-139
更新日期:2011-03-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:hyaluronic acid (HA), a non-sulphated glycosaminoglycan, is present in synovial fluid, vitreous humour serum and many connective tissues. Pharmaceutical preparations of HA are used in clinical practice for wound healing, joint pain, kerato-conjunctivitis, asthma, mouth care, oesophageal-reflux, and gastritis...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-141
更新日期:2011-03-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV), family Bunyaviridae, is a mosquito-borne pathogen endemic in the United States and Canada that can cause encephalitis in humans and is considered an emerging threat to public health. The virus is genetically similar to Inkoo virus circulating in Europe, suggesting that much of t...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-136
更新日期:2011-03-24 00:00:00
abstract::One coronavirus strain was isolated from brain tissues of ten piglets with evident clinical manifestations of vomiting, diarrhea and dyskinesia in Jilin province in China. Antigenic and genomic characterizations of the virus (isolate PHEV-JLsp09) were based on multiplex PCR and negative staining electron microscopy an...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-130
更新日期:2011-03-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:PHYVV and PepGMV are plant viruses reported in Mexico and Southern US as causal agents of an important pepper disease known as "rizado amarillo". Mixed infections with PHYVV and PepGMV have been reported in several hosts over a wide geographic area. Previous work suggested that these viruses might interact a...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-104
更新日期:2011-03-08 00:00:00
abstract::In Pakistan, there are estimated 7-9 million carriers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) with a carrier rate of 3-5%. This article reviews the available literature about the prevalence, risk factors, awareness status and genotypes of the HBV in Pakistan by using key words; HBV prevalence, risk factors, awareness status and ge...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-102
更新日期:2011-03-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infections continue to cause significantly losses in the deer population. Better isolation and identification of BVDV from sika deer may contribute significantly to the development of prophylactic therapeutic, and diagnostic reagents as well as help in prevention and contro...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-83
更新日期:2011-02-25 00:00:00
abstract::Information on the replication of viral haemorrhagic fever viruses is not readily available and has never been analysed in a comparative approach. Here, we compared the cell culture growth characteristics of haemorrhagic fever viruses (HFV), of the Arenaviridae, Filoviridae, Bunyaviridae, and Flavivridae virus familie...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-81
更新日期:2011-02-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease of livestock which causes severe economic loss in cloven-hoofed animals. Vaccination is still a major strategy in developing countries to control FMD. Currently, inactivated vaccine of FMDV has been used in many countries with limited success and sa...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-77
更新日期:2011-02-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To construct a recombinant adenovirus containing CDglyTK double suicide genes and evaluate the killing effect of the double suicide genes driven by kinase domain insert containing receptor (KDR) promoter on human umbilical vein endothelial cells. METHODS:Human KDR promoter, Escherichia coli (E. coli) cytosi...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-74
更新日期:2011-02-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The effect of antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) on reducing the risk of long-term complications (LTCs) remains unclear so far. To study whether long-term nucleos(t)ide analogues therapy can reduce the risk of long-term complications. METHODS:We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, OVID, the Cochrane Centr...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-72
更新日期:2011-02-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Infection with H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) of domestic poultry and wild birds has spread to more than 60 countries in Eurasia and Africa. It is concerned that HPAIVs may be perpetuated in the lakes in Siberia where migratory water birds nest in summer. To monitor whether HPAIVs ci...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-65
更新日期:2011-02-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic HCV is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the present day world. The assessment of disease progression not only provides useful information for diagnosis and therapeutic supervision judgment but also for monitoring disease. Different invasive and non invasive methods are applied to...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-53
更新日期:2011-02-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Influenza A virus poses a continuous threat to global public health. Design of novel universal drugs and vaccine requires a careful analysis of different strains of Influenza A viral genome from diverse hosts and subtypes. We performed a systematic in silico analysis of Influenza A viral segments of all avai...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-44
更新日期:2011-01-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The mechanism by which HIV infection leads to a selective depletion of CD4 cells leading to immunodeficiency remains highly debated. Whether the loss of CD4 cells is a direct consequence of virus infection or bystander apoptosis of uninfected cells is also uncertain. RESULTS:We have addressed this issue in ...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-34
更新日期:2011-01-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Host serine proteases are essential for the influenza virus life cycle because the viral haemagglutinin is synthesized as a precursor which requires proteolytic maturation. Therefore, we studied the activity and expression of serine proteases in lungs from mice infected with influenza and evaluated the effec...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-27
更新日期:2011-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::The Filoviridae family comprises of Ebola and Marburg viruses, which are known to cause lethal hemorrhagic fever. However, there is no effective anti-viral therapy or licensed vaccines currently available for these human pathogens. The envelope glycoprotein (GP) of Ebola virus, which mediates entry into target cells, ...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-11
更新日期:2011-01-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Rotavirus (RV) is the main cause of severe gastroenteritis in children. An effective vaccination regime against RV can substantially reduce morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of virus-like particles formed by RV VP2 and VP6 (VLP2/6), as well as that of recombinant adenov...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-3
更新日期:2011-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::Marek's disease is a highly contagious disease of poultry characterized by rapid-on set of T-cell lymphomas, which is caused by Marek's disease virus (MDV), but its pathogenic mechanism is still not very clear. Recently, some new progress were achieved in molecular character of MDV. Along with the genomic sequencing o...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-7-371
更新日期:2010-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::Remarkable progress has been made during the past ten years in elucidating the structure of the bacteriophage T4 tail by a combination of three-dimensional image reconstruction from electron micrographs and X-ray crystallography of the components. Partial and complete structures of nine out of twenty tail structural p...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-7-355
更新日期:2010-12-03 00:00:00
abstract::A TaqMan-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was devised for the detection of porcine parvovirus (PPV). Two primers and a TaqMan probe for the non-structural protein NS1 gene were designed. The detection limit was 1 x 10² DNA copies/μL, and the assay was linear in the range of 1 x 10² to 1 x 10⁹ copi...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-7-353
更新日期:2010-12-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can be classified into nine genotypes (A-I) defined by sequence divergence of more than 8% based on the complete genome. This study aims to identify the genotypic distribution of HBV in 40 HBsAg-positive patients from Rondônia, Brazil. A fragment of 1306 bp partially comprising surfac...
journal_title:Virology journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-422X-7-315
更新日期:2010-11-12 00:00:00